Prevalence of Streptococcus agalactiae in Tilapia in flowing water, ponds, rivers and reservoirs

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OJVRTM

Online Journal of Veterinary Research ©

Volume 11 (2): 153-162, 2010. Redacted 2017.

Prevalence of Streptococcus agalactiae in tilapia kept in different water bodies

Amal AMN¹, Zamri-Saad M¹, Siti-Zahrah A², Zulkafli R³, Misri S²,Nur-Nazifah M¹, Shahidan H²

¹Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia²National Fish Health Research Center, 11960 Batu Maung, Penang, Malaysia³Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, 71650 Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

ABSTRACT

Amal AMN, Zamri-Saad M, Siti-Zahrah A, Zulkafli R, Misri S, Nur-Nazifah M, Shahidan H. Prevalence of Streptococcus agalactiae in tilapia kept in different water bodies, Online J Vet Res, 14(2):153-162, 2010. Attempts were made to isolate Streptococcus agalactiae from tilapias kept in different water bodies that include small-sized fast flowing irrigation canals, small-sized very slow flowing ponds and ex-mining pools, moderate-sized moderate flowing rivers and very large very slow flowing reservoirs. A total of 713 tilapias were collected from irrigation canal, 708 from ponds, 633 from ex-mining pool, 2,610 from river and 1,729 from reservoirs during the 24-month study period. All tilapias were kept in floating net cage-culture system. The sampled tilapias were dissected before swabs from the brain, eye and kidney were streaked directly onto blood agar and the pure isolates were subjected to Gram stain, the API 20 STREP kit, Slidex Strepto-kit and PCR technique. Streptococcus agalactiae was successfully isolated from all water bodies but there was significant difference (p<0.05) on the mean prevalence in tilapias kept in reservoirs (12.50%) with very low water flow (0.006±0.003 cm/seconds) and moderate-sized rivers with moderate water flow (0.25±0.24 cm/seconds) compared to small-sized pond (0.70%), irrigation canal (0.28%) and ex-mining pool (0.17%). Significantly (p<0.05) high mortality was observed in tilapias kept in reservoirs when water temperature was high (>29.51⁰C), affecting tilapias between 10 cm to 30 cm (100g-350g) in size. There was a highly significant correlation (r=0.9312, P=0.0008) between isolations of S. agalactiae and mortalities of tilapias in reservoirs in the presence of Staphylococcus spp. These results indicated that water temperature, rate of water flow and size of fish influenced the prevalence of S. agalactiae in tilapia.

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