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OJVRTM
Online Journal of Veterinary
Research ©
Volume 15 (2): 168-176, 2011. Redacted 2018.
First
report of swarming in Clostridium botulinum types C and D.
Saeed EMA1,2 (BVSc, MVSc, PhD), Böhnel H1 (Prof. Dr.), Gessler F3 (Dr.
med. vet.)
1Institute for Tropical Animal Health, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany, 2Department of Microbiology,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan, 3Institute
for Applied Biotechnology in the Tropics at the Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
ABSTRACT
Saeed EMA, Böhnel H, Gessler
F, First report of swarming in Clostridium botulinum types C and D, Onl J Vet Res, 15
(2): 168-176, 2011. Clostridium botulinum was isolated and identified in samples from botulism-suspected cases of various animal species and
environment, by standard mouse bioassay, magnetic bead-ELISA and PCR.
From 74 samples, only 3 isolates were confirmed C. botulinum. Two
were type C and 1 type D. The 2 type C isolates were taken from intestinal
contents of 2 broiler chickens from a farm with a botulism outbreak and the
type D isolate was from a bovine liver. These isolates revealed swarming when
grown on normally dried plates (refrigerated plates dried for 30 min at 37 °C).
The swarming growth was not observed by the naked eyes in the primary plates
but observed by hand lens on the subsequent sub-culturing plates as very thin
film contaminating colonies that were picked from the primary plates as C.
botulinum-like colonies. The C.
botulinum-like colonies were not
C. botulinum tested by 3 methods after separation from swarming
growth on plates with increased agar percentage. However, the discrete colonies
of the swarming growth were C. botulinum. Swarming on anaerobic
plates should now be considered when isolating C. botulinum.
Key words: Clostridium
botulinum; swarming growth;
isolation; mouse bioassay; magnetic bead-ELISA; PCR
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